Add JMH data access benchmark app

This commit is contained in:
Mikhail Yevchenko
2026-04-05 14:31:17 +00:00
commit f4ed92b415
15 changed files with 533 additions and 0 deletions
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target
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# data-access-benchmark
```bash
mvn package -q
java --enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED --sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=allow -jar target/benchmarks.jar
```
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0
http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.benchmark</groupId>
<artifactId>data-access-benchmark</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>jar</packaging>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>17</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>17</maven.compiler.target>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<jmh.version>1.37</jmh.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<!-- JMH -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-core</artifactId>
<version>${jmh.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
<version>${jmh.version}</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- Gson -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.google.code.gson</groupId>
<artifactId>gson</artifactId>
<version>2.10.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Kryo binary serialization -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.esotericsoftware</groupId>
<artifactId>kryo</artifactId>
<version>5.6.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SQLite JDBC driver -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.xerial</groupId>
<artifactId>sqlite-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>3.45.1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- ORMLite -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.j256.ormlite</groupId>
<artifactId>ormlite-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>6.1</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Silence SLF4J "no binding" warning -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-nop</artifactId>
<version>2.0.13</version>
<scope>runtime</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.11.0</version>
<configuration>
<source>17</source>
<target>17</target>
<annotationProcessorPaths>
<path>
<groupId>org.openjdk.jmh</groupId>
<artifactId>jmh-generator-annprocess</artifactId>
<version>${jmh.version}</version>
</path>
</annotationProcessorPaths>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Builds a self-contained benchmark jar -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.5.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<finalName>benchmarks</finalName>
<transformers>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>org.openjdk.jmh.Main</mainClass>
</transformer>
<transformer implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ServicesResourceTransformer"/>
</transformers>
<filters>
<filter>
<artifact>*:*</artifact>
<excludes>
<exclude>META-INF/*.SF</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.DSA</exclude>
<exclude>META-INF/*.RSA</exclude>
</excludes>
</filter>
</filters>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>
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package com.benchmark.benchmarks;
import com.benchmark.fixtures.DataFixtures;
import com.benchmark.fixtures.DataGenerator;
import com.benchmark.fixtures.FixtureFactory;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
@State(Scope.Thread)
@BenchmarkMode({Mode.AverageTime, Mode.Throughput})
@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.MICROSECONDS)
@Warmup(iterations = 3, time = 1)
@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 1)
@Fork(1)
@Threads(Threads.MAX)
public class DataAccessBenchmark {
@Param({"gson", "kryo", "sqlite-jdbc", "sqlite-ormlite"})
private String fixtureType;
private DataFixtures fixture;
private static final long TARGET_ID = 500L;
@Setup(Level.Trial)
public void setup() throws Exception {
fixture = FixtureFactory.create(fixtureType);
fixture.setup(DataGenerator.generate(1000));
}
@Benchmark
public User readSingleUser() throws Exception {
return fixture.findById(TARGET_ID);
}
@TearDown(Level.Trial)
public void teardown() throws Exception {
fixture.teardown();
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import java.util.List;
public interface DataFixtures {
void setup(List<User> users) throws Exception;
User findById(long id) throws Exception;
void teardown() throws Exception;
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class DataGenerator {
/**
* Generates {@code count} deterministic User objects with IDs 1..count.
*/
public static List<User> generate(int count) {
List<User> users = new ArrayList<>(count);
for (int i = 1; i <= count; i++) {
users.add(new User(
i,
"User" + i,
"user" + i + "@example.com",
20 + (i % 60),
1_000_000L + i
));
}
return users;
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
public class FixtureFactory {
public static DataFixtures create(String type) {
return switch (type) {
case "gson" -> new GsonFileFixture();
case "kryo" -> new KryoFileFixture();
case "sqlite-jdbc" -> new SqliteJdbcFixture();
case "sqlite-ormlite" -> new SqliteOrmLiteFixture();
default -> throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown fixture type: " + type);
};
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import com.benchmark.util.FileUtil;
import com.google.gson.Gson;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
public class GsonFileFixture implements DataFixtures {
private Gson gson;
private Path dataDir;
@Override
public void setup(List<User> users) throws IOException {
gson = new Gson();
dataDir = Files.createTempDirectory("benchmark-gson-");
for (User user : users) {
Path file = FileUtil.userJsonPath(dataDir, user.getId());
Files.writeString(file, gson.toJson(user));
}
}
@Override
public User findById(long id) throws IOException {
Path file = FileUtil.userJsonPath(dataDir, id);
String json = Files.readString(file);
return gson.fromJson(json, User.class);
}
@Override
public void teardown() throws IOException {
if (dataDir != null && Files.exists(dataDir)) {
Files.walk(dataDir)
.sorted(Comparator.reverseOrder())
.forEach(p -> p.toFile().delete());
}
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import com.benchmark.util.FileUtil;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.Kryo;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.io.Input;
import com.esotericsoftware.kryo.io.Output;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.Comparator;
import java.util.List;
public class KryoFileFixture implements DataFixtures {
private Kryo kryo;
private Path dataDir;
@Override
public void setup(List<User> users) throws IOException {
kryo = new Kryo();
kryo.setRegistrationRequired(false);
kryo.register(User.class);
dataDir = Files.createTempDirectory("benchmark-kryo-");
for (User user : users) {
Path file = FileUtil.userBinPath(dataDir, user.getId());
try (Output output = new Output(new FileOutputStream(file.toFile()))) {
kryo.writeObject(output, user);
}
}
}
@Override
public User findById(long id) throws IOException {
Path file = FileUtil.userBinPath(dataDir, id);
try (Input input = new Input(new FileInputStream(file.toFile()))) {
return kryo.readObject(input, User.class);
}
}
@Override
public void teardown() throws IOException {
if (dataDir != null && Files.exists(dataDir)) {
Files.walk(dataDir)
.sorted(Comparator.reverseOrder())
.forEach(p -> p.toFile().delete());
}
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import com.benchmark.util.DbUtil;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.List;
public class SqliteJdbcFixture implements DataFixtures {
private Connection connection;
private PreparedStatement selectStmt;
private Path dbFile;
@Override
public void setup(List<User> users) throws SQLException, Exception {
dbFile = Files.createTempFile("benchmark-jdbc-", ".db");
connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:sqlite:" + dbFile.toAbsolutePath());
DbUtil.createSchema(connection);
connection.setAutoCommit(false);
try (PreparedStatement ps = connection.prepareStatement(
"INSERT INTO users(id, name, email, age, created_at) VALUES(?,?,?,?,?)")) {
for (User user : users) {
ps.setLong(1, user.getId());
ps.setString(2, user.getName());
ps.setString(3, user.getEmail());
ps.setInt(4, user.getAge());
ps.setLong(5, user.getCreatedAt());
ps.addBatch();
}
ps.executeBatch();
}
connection.commit();
connection.setAutoCommit(true);
selectStmt = connection.prepareStatement(
"SELECT id, name, email, age, created_at FROM users WHERE id = ?");
}
@Override
public User findById(long id) throws SQLException {
selectStmt.setLong(1, id);
try (ResultSet rs = selectStmt.executeQuery()) {
return rs.next() ? DbUtil.mapRow(rs) : null;
}
}
@Override
public void teardown() throws Exception {
if (selectStmt != null) selectStmt.close();
if (connection != null) connection.close();
if (dbFile != null) Files.deleteIfExists(dbFile);
}
}
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package com.benchmark.fixtures;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import com.j256.ormlite.dao.Dao;
import com.j256.ormlite.dao.DaoManager;
import com.j256.ormlite.jdbc.JdbcConnectionSource;
import com.j256.ormlite.table.TableUtils;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Path;
import java.util.List;
public class SqliteOrmLiteFixture implements DataFixtures {
private JdbcConnectionSource connectionSource;
private Dao<User, Long> dao;
private Path dbFile;
@Override
public void setup(List<User> users) throws Exception {
dbFile = Files.createTempFile("benchmark-ormlite-", ".db");
connectionSource = new JdbcConnectionSource("jdbc:sqlite:" + dbFile.toAbsolutePath());
TableUtils.createTableIfNotExists(connectionSource, User.class);
dao = DaoManager.createDao(connectionSource, User.class);
dao.callBatchTasks(() -> {
for (User user : users) {
dao.create(user);
}
return null;
});
}
@Override
public User findById(long id) throws Exception {
return dao.queryForId(id);
}
@Override
public void teardown() throws Exception {
if (connectionSource != null) connectionSource.close();
if (dbFile != null) Files.deleteIfExists(dbFile);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
package com.benchmark.model;
import com.j256.ormlite.field.DatabaseField;
import com.j256.ormlite.table.DatabaseTable;
@DatabaseTable(tableName = "users")
public class User {
@DatabaseField(id = true)
private long id;
@DatabaseField
private String name;
@DatabaseField
private String email;
@DatabaseField
private int age;
@DatabaseField(columnName = "created_at")
private long createdAt;
/** Required by Gson and ORMLite. */
public User() {}
public User(long id, String name, String email, int age, long createdAt) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.email = email;
this.age = age;
this.createdAt = createdAt;
}
public long getId() { return id; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public String getEmail() { return email; }
public int getAge() { return age; }
public long getCreatedAt() { return createdAt; }
public void setId(long id) { this.id = id; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public void setEmail(String email) { this.email = email; }
public void setAge(int age) { this.age = age; }
public void setCreatedAt(long createdAt) { this.createdAt = createdAt; }
}
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package com.benchmark.runner;
import com.benchmark.benchmarks.DataAccessBenchmark;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.Runner;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.Options;
import org.openjdk.jmh.runner.options.OptionsBuilder;
public class BenchmarkMain {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
Options opt = new OptionsBuilder()
.include(DataAccessBenchmark.class.getSimpleName())
.jvmArgsPrepend(
"--enable-native-access=ALL-UNNAMED",
"--sun-misc-unsafe-memory-access=allow"
)
.build();
new Runner(opt).run();
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
package com.benchmark.util;
import com.benchmark.model.User;
import java.sql.*;
public class DbUtil {
public static void createSchema(Connection conn) throws SQLException {
try (Statement stmt = conn.createStatement()) {
stmt.execute("""
CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS users (
id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
name TEXT NOT NULL,
email TEXT NOT NULL,
age INTEGER NOT NULL,
created_at INTEGER NOT NULL
)
""");
}
}
public static User mapRow(ResultSet rs) throws SQLException {
return new User(
rs.getLong("id"),
rs.getString("name"),
rs.getString("email"),
rs.getInt("age"),
rs.getLong("created_at")
);
}
}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
package com.benchmark.util;
import java.nio.file.Path;
public class FileUtil {
public static Path userJsonPath(Path dir, long id) {
return dir.resolve(id + ".json");
}
public static Path userBinPath(Path dir, long id) {
return dir.resolve(id + ".bin");
}
}